Principle and types of hydraulic solenoid valve 12v
The principle divides the 12V hydraulic solenoid valve into three main categories.:
1、Directly operated solenoid valve
Principle: when energised, the solenoid coil generates electromagnetic force to lift the closing member from the valve seat, the valve opens; when de-energised, the electromagnetic force disappears, the spring presses the closing member on the valve seat, the valve closes.
Characteristics: in a vacuum, negative pressure, zero pressure can work properly, but the diameter is generally not more than 25mm.
2、Pilot solenoid valve
Principle:
When energized, the electromagnetic force suctions the pilot hole spool, causing the pilot hole to open. This action reduces the pressure in the upper chamber of the main valve piston. Consequently, a pressure difference forms between the upper and lower chambers, with high pressure in the lower chamber. This pressure difference promotes the upward movement of the main piston, thereby opening the valve.
When power fails, the spring force closes the pilot hole. This action pressurizes the upper chamber, creating a pressure difference between the upper and lower chambers, with high pressure in the upper chamber. The media pressure and spring force then drive the closing piece downward, closing the valve.
Close the valve.
Characteristics: the upper limit of the fluid pressure range is high, can be arbitrarily installed, but must meet the conditions of the fluid differential pressure.
3, step-by-step direct-acting solenoid valve
Principle: it is a combination of direct-acting and pilot-operated principle, when the inlet and outlet no pressure difference, energised, the electromagnetic force directly to the pilot valve and the main valve closure upwards in turn, the valve is open. When the inlet and outlet start the pressure difference, electromagnetic force activates the pilot small valve after power is applied. This action causes the pressure in the lower chamber of the main valve to rise, while the pressure in the upper chamber falls. As a result, the pressure difference pushes the main valve upwards. In the event of a power failure, the pilot valve relies on the spring force or medium pressure to push the closing member downward, thereby closing the valve.
Characteristics: In zero differential pressure or vacuum, high pressure can still activate the valve. However, this requires more power. Additionally, you must install the valve horizontally.
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